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Conduit Fill Calculator

Calculate conduit fill percentage for EMT, PVC, RMC, and IMC. Supports THHN, THWN, and XHHW wire types with instant NEC compliance check.

Based on NEC Chapter 9 Tables 1, 4, and 5

Professional Verification Required

This calculator provides estimates for reference purposes only. Results must be verified by a licensed electrician or electrical engineer before any installation.

  • Local codes and AHJ requirements may differ from NEC standards
  • Site conditions, temperature, and installation methods affect sizing
  • Always verify ampacity, derating factors, and conductor sizing in the field

NEC Reference: NEC Chapter 9 Tables 1, 4, and 5

Conduit Configuration

Click a preset to auto-fill, or configure manually below

or customize
1.
NEC Conduit Fill Rules (Chapter 9, Table 1)

The NEC limits conduit fill to prevent overheating and allow proper heat dissipation. Fill percentage = total conductor area ÷ conduit internal area.

ConductorsMax Fill
1 conductor53%
2 conductors31%
3+ conductors40%

Quick Example: #12 THHN in 3/4" EMT

3/4" EMT = 0.533 in² × 40% = 0.213 in² available. Each #12 THHN = 0.0133 in². Result: 16 wires max.

Pro Tip

Aim for 35% fill for easier pulls

Lubricant

Required for most commercial installs

Bend Limit

360° max between pull points

⚠️ IMPORTANT LEGAL DISCLAIMER

For Reference Only: This calculator is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional engineering design, advice, or certification.

Code Compliance: Calculations are based on the 2023 National Electrical Code (NEC®). However, local codes, amendments, and Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) requirements vary by location and may supersede standard NEC requirements.

No Liability: SparkShift and its affiliates assume no liability for errors, omissions, or the use/misuse of this tool. Users are solely responsible for verifying all results against applicable codes and standards before installation. Always consult a licensed electrician or engineer.